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Occlusal Orthotics for TMD

Understanding Occlusal Orthotics

Occlusal orthotics, also known as dental splints, night guards, oral appliances or bite guards, are custom-made devices that help treat the symptoms and underlying causes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. These devices are crafted to fit precisely over the teeth and gums. Their primary function is to alleviate pressure on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the surrounding muscles, aiming to reduce discomfort and improve jaw function.

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How Occlusal Orthotics Work

Occlusal orthotics help reduce strain on the TMJ and the surrounding muscles, placing the TMJ in a more orthopedically stable position. By redistributing the forces exerted on the jaw, these devices may help relieve pain and discomfort associated with TMD. While they do not stop clenching or grinding, occlusal orthotics can lessen the effects of bruxism, such as tooth wear, muscle tension and joint pain. Additionally, these appliances can help prevent jaw locking and restricted jaw opening.

 

The use of occlusal orthotics can lead to several potential benefits:​

  • Pain Relief

    • By reducing the stress on the TMJ and associated muscles and placing the TMJ in a more stable position, occlusal orthotics can help alleviate pain and discomfort.

  • Reduced Muscle Tension

    • The device can help relax the muscles involved in chewing and jaw movement, which may reduce muscle fatigue and soreness.

  • Improved Jaw Function

    • By providing a stable and comfortable surface, occlusal orthotics can enhance jaw movement and overall function.

  • Protection from Bruxism

    • Although they do not eliminate clenching or grinding, occlusal orthotics can help lessen the effects of bruxism, reducing wear and tear on the teeth and minimizing muscle strain.

  • Prevention of Jaw Locking

    • The supportive nature of the orthotic can help prevent episodes of jaw locking, where the jaw becomes stuck in a certain position.

  • Improvement in Jaw Opening

    • By reducing pressure and strain on the TMJ, occlusal orthotics can help prevent limited jaw opening and facilitate smoother jaw movement.

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Types of Occlusal Orthotics

There are several types of occlusal orthotics, each suited for specific purposes:

  • Stabilization Splints

    • These provide consistent support to the TMJ, helping to reduce stress and pain.

  • Repositioning Splints

    • These are designed to reposition the jaw into a more optimal position to alleviate pressure on the TMJ.

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Custom Fit and Fabrication

To ensure the effectiveness of an occlusal orthotic, it must be custom-fitted to each individual’s dental anatomy. This involves taking precise impressions of the teeth and creating a mold that reflects the patient’s unique bite. The orthotic is then fabricated based on these impressions to ensure a perfect fit.

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Appliances for Sleep Apnea

In addition to treating TMD, some oral appliances are designed for managing sleep apnea. These appliances, often referred to as mandibular advancement devices (MADs), work by repositioning the lower jaw and tongue to keep the airway open during sleep. This can be an effective alternative to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for some individuals with sleep apnea.

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Interested in oral appliances?

Oral appliances can play a valuable role in the treatment of TMD and sleep apnea, offering relief from pain, reducing muscle tension, and improving jaw function. By placing the TMJ in a more orthopedically stable position and working closely with an orofacial pain specialist, individuals can determine the most appropriate type of appliance for their needs and develop a comprehensive treatment plan to address their specific symptoms and conditions. Schedule an appointment today.​

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